短语讲解：

1. As a result, it says, health problems related to weight gain and tooth damage are increasing.

as a result 结果， 因此
例句：Our water supply has diminished as a result of the drought. 
由于旱灾我们的水贮备减少了。 

2. The WHO is calling on governments to take measures to reduce how much sugar people eat.

take measures 看一看，设法，着手
例句：The government is urged to take measures to combat the spread of aids. 
人们敦促政府采取措施以防止爱滋病的传播。 

3. It proposes taxing products with a lot of sugar and requiring food-makers to list how much sugar can be found in their products.

how much 多少，什么价钱
例句：How much water goes into a barrel of beer?
酿造一桶啤酒需要多少水？