lingua franca – n. a language that is used among people who speak various different languages

four skills - n. the language abilities involved in reading, listening, speaking, and writing

assess – v. to make a judgment about (something); used to describe testing activity

computer-adaptive - adj. tests that are designed to adjust their level of difficulty—based on the responses provided—to match the knowledge and ability of a test taker.

proficiency: n. advancement in knowledge or skill

authentic - adj. real or genuine : not copied or false; in language education: material that is developed for native speakers, not specially created for learners

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