Despite the clear intention of substantive engagement, the content of the joint statement is more about good-will commitment and general principles and lacks real substance.

"Similar to the meeting in Singapore, the result is largely symbolic," said Tay, who is also chairman of the Singapore Institute of International Affairs.

"There has been some preparation, but not a lot of substantive movement since the first summit. It is notable that the Indonesian president did not attend the summit. This suggests that even though ASEAN wants to engage the U.S., they have their own concerns. This relationship needs to grow substantively," he said.

BARRIERS UNDER SURFACE

Tay also said substantive cooperation between the United States and ASEAN faced barriers, citing a free trade agenda as one example which would be opposed by U.S. domestic politics.

ASEAN expert with the Center for Strategic and International Studies Ernest Bower said: "The fact that the summit is taking place in New York, not Washington, and without the leader of ASEAN's largest country and economy, Indonesia, underlines the fact that there is still much work to be done to align the United States and ASEAN."

"Insiders confirm that Yudhoyono decided he could not come to New York because of a confluence of issues, including the fact that Obama has had to postpone planned travel to Indonesia three times since taking office and the short notice given by the White House (not quite a month in advance of the meeting)," he said.