1. Hostilities n. 战斗

Hostilities ended with the conclusion of a peace treaty.
和平条约签定以後, 战事随之结束。

2. territory n. 领土,版图;领地

Orthopaedics is outside his territory.
他对整形外科是个外行。

3. determination n. 坚定;果断

The coach fired the team with a determination to win the championship.
教练员激励运动队决心赢得冠军。

4. dastardly a. 懦弱的;卑鄙的

Because of this uNPRovoked dastardly attack by Japan, I ask that the Congress declare a state of war.
因为日本发动了这一卑鄙的、挑衅式的袭击，我要求国会宣布全国进入战争状态。