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ÈÕÆÚ:2007-10-18
¡¡¡¡reading¡¡comprehension¡¡
¡¡¡¡questions¡¡71¡¡to¡¡75¡¡are¡¡based¡¡on¡¡the¡¡following¡¡passage:¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡failed¡¡skylab¡¡will¡¡come¡¡screaming¡¡home¡¡to¡¡earth¡¡in¡¡disappointmentsometime¡¡next¡¡month,¡¡but¡¡it¡¡will¡¡fall¡¡we¡¡know¡¡not¡¡where.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡precise¡¡information¡¡is¡¡beyond¡¡even¡¡the¡¡calculations¡¡of¡¡scientistsand¡¡their¡¡computers.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡best¡¡they¡¡can¡¡tell¡¡us¡¡is¡¡that¡¡the¡¡space¡¡station,¡¡weighing¡¡77¡¡tons¡¡andas¡¡high¡¡as¡¡a¡¡12-story¡¡building,¡¡will¡¡break¡¡into¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡pieces¡¡that¡¡willbe¡¡scattered¡¡across¡¡a¡¡track¡¡100¡¡miles¡¡wide¡¡and¡¡4,000¡¡miles¡¡long.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡are¡¡again¡¡exposed¡¡to¡¡one¡¡of¡¡those¡¡unexpected¡¡adventures,¡¡or¡¡misadven-tures,¡¡of¡¡science¡¡that¡¡attracts¡¡our¡¡attention¡¡from¡¡the¡¡boring¡¡routines¡¡ofdaily¡¡existence¡¡and¡¡encourages¡¡us¡¡to¡¡think¡¡a¡¡lot¡¡about¡¡man's¡¡future.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡worries¡¡richard¡¡smith,¡¡the¡¡skylab's¡¡director,¡¡is¡¡the'big¡¡pieces'that¡¡will¡¡come¡¡through¡¡the¡¡atmosphere.¡¡two¡¡lumps,¡¡weighing¡¡2¡¡tons¡¡each,¡¡andten,¡¡weighing¡¡at¡¡least¡¡1,000¡¡pounds¡¡each,¡¡will¡¡come¡¡in¡¡at¡¡speeds¡¡of¡¡hundredsof¡¡miles¡¡an¡¡hour,¡¡and¡¡if¡¡they¡¡crash¡¡on¡¡land¡¡they¡¡will¡¡dig¡¡holes¡¡up¡¡to¡¡100feet¡¡deep.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡worries¡¡us,¡¡with¡¡our¡¡lack¡¡of¡¡scientific¡¡knowledge¡¡and¡¡our¡¡quickimagination,¡¡is¡¡both¡¡the¡¡big¡¡and¡¡little¡¡pieces,¡¡although¡¡project¡¡officialssay¡¡there¡¡is¡¡a¡¡very¡¡small¡¡chance¡¡that¡¡anyone¡¡will¡¡be¡¡injured¡¡by¡¡them.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡that's¡¡good¡¡to¡¡know¡¡,¡¡but¡¡it¡¡doesn't¡¡remove¡¡the¡¡doubts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡millionswho¡¡still¡¡remember¡¡the¡¡nuclear¡¡accident¡¡at¡¡three¡¡mile¡¡island.¡¡that¡¡accidenttook¡¡place¡¡in¡¡1979¡¡in¡¡spite¡¡of¡¡what¡¡scientists¡¡had¡¡assured¡¡us¡¡as¡¡to¡¡thesafety¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nuclear¡¡reactor.¡¡
71.¡¡where¡¡the¡¡skylab¡¡will¡¡fall¡¡_______.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡is¡¡kept¡¡secret¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡will¡¡be¡¡announced¡¡soon¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡is¡¡predicted¡¡by¡¡scientists¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡can't¡¡be¡¡predicted¡¡
72.¡¡the¡¡broken¡¡skylab¡¡will¡¡be¡¡_______.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡in¡¡two¡¡lumps--one¡¡weighing¡¡2¡¡tons¡¡and¡¡the¡¡other¡¡weighing¡¡10¡¡tons¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡falling¡¡with¡¡the¡¡force¡¡of¡¡a¡¡12-story¡¡building¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡composed¡¡of¡¡12¡¡big¡¡pieces¡¡and¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡smaller¡¡pieces¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡an¡¡attractive¡¡scene¡¡to¡¡millions¡¡of¡¡people¡¡
73.¡¡the¡¡author¡¡suggests¡¡that¡¡_______.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡the¡¡danger¡¡of¡¡the¡¡skylab's¡¡fall¡¡has¡¡been¡¡overestimated¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡it's¡¡useless¡¡to¡¡worry¡¡over¡¡things¡¡you¡¡can't¡¡do¡¡anything¡¡about¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡computers¡¡can¡¡solve¡¡the¡¡problem¡¡caused¡¡by¡¡the¡¡broken¡¡skylab¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡the¡¡danger¡¡of¡¡the¡¡skylab's¡¡fall¡¡has¡¡been¡¡underestimated¡¡
74.¡¡the¡¡author¡¡refers¡¡to¡¡three¡¡mile¡¡island¡¡_______.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡because¡¡he¡¡fears¡¡that¡¡a¡¡piece¡¡of¡¡the¡¡skylab¡¡may¡¡strike¡¡a¡¡nuclear¡¡power¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡plant¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡as¡¡a¡¡doubtful¡¡comment¡¡on¡¡the¡¡officials'¡¡words¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡because¡¡he¡¡is¡¡afraid¡¡of¡¡nuclear¡¡power¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡because¡¡the¡¡nuclear¡¡reactor¡¡there¡¡and¡¡the¡¡skylab¡¡were¡¡built¡¡by¡¡the¡¡same¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡company¡¡
75.¡¡the¡¡author¡¡expresses¡¡his¡¡_______.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡interest¡¡in¡¡the¡¡failure¡¡of¡¡the¡¡skylab¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡willingness¡¡to¡¡give¡¡his¡¡advice¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡doubtful¡¡attitude¡¡toward¡¡scientists¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡eagerness¡¡to¡¡see¡¡more¡¡new¡¡scientific¡¡discoveries¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡questions¡¡76¡¡to¡¡80¡¡are¡¡based¡¡on¡¡the¡¡following¡¡passage:¡¡
¡¡¡¡any¡¡talk¡¡of¡¡the¡¡energy¡¡needs¡¡of¡¡the¡¡united¡¡states¡¡should¡¡include¡¡adiscussion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡tennessee¡¡valley¡¡authority,¡¡a¡¡successful¡¡but¡¡sometimesquiet¡¡federal¡¡agency.¡¡the¡¡tennessee¡¡valley¡¡authority¡¡began¡¡life¡¡in¡¡1933¡¡asone¡¡of¡¡the¡¡public¡¡works¡¡agencies¡¡designed¡¡to¡¡help¡¡fight¡¡the¡¡great¡¡depression.the¡¡tva¡¡was¡¡first¡¡meant¡¡to¡¡employ¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡men¡¡to¡¡build¡¡a¡¡chain¡¡of¡¡damsdown¡¡the¡¡tennessee¡¡river.¡¡these¡¡dams¡¡were¡¡to¡¡include¡¡electric¡¡plants¡¡forgenerating¡¡electricity¡¡to¡¡provide¡¡cheap¡¡power¡¡for¡¡the¡¡rural¡¡land¡¡in¡¡thevalley¡¡area.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡within¡¡ten¡¡years,¡¡most¡¡of¡¡the¡¡homes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡area¡¡had¡¡electricity.¡¡intwenty¡¡years,¡¡there¡¡were¡¡four¡¡times¡¡as¡¡many¡¡homes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡area¡¡with¡¡power.at¡¡first¡¡,¡¡tva¡¡electrcity¡¡cost¡¡a¡¡penny¡¡per¡¡kilowatt.¡¡many¡¡homes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡arearelied¡¡on¡¡electricity¡¡for¡¡heating.¡¡this¡¡results¡¡in¡¡criticism¡¡now¡¡that¡¡elec-tricity¡¡is¡¡more¡¡than¡¡three¡¡pennies¡¡per¡¡kilowatt.¡¡other¡¡criticism¡¡has¡¡beenaimed¡¡at¡¡the¡¡tva's¡¡other¡¡methods¡¡of¡¡generating¡¡power¡¡in¡¡1975.¡¡the¡¡authoritywas¡¡sued(?e??)¡¡for¡¡polluting¡¡the¡¡air¡¡with¡¡its¡¡coal-generating¡¡plants.¡¡anti-nuclear¡¡groups¡¡point¡¡out¡¡that¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡would¡¡soon¡¡have¡¡a¡¡total¡¡of¡¡seventeenatomic¡¡reactor¡¡plants¡¡supplying¡¡power¡¡for¡¡its¡¡service¡¡area.¡¡but¡¡the¡¡tennesseevalley¡¡authority¡¡has¡¡adjusted¡¡to¡¡the¡¡new¡¡times.¡¡it¡¡quickly¡¡became¡¡a¡¡modelfor¡¡pollution¡¡control¡¡at¡¡its¡¡coal¡¡plants.¡¡just¡¡as¡¡quickly¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡founditself¡¡an¡¡energy¡¡conserver¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡a¡¡producer.¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡conducts¡¡freehome¡¡energy¡¡consultations¡¡and¡¡offers¡¡cheap¡¡loans¡¡to¡¡consumers¡¡who¡¡want¡¡toinstall¡¡insulation¡¡storm¡¡windows,¡¡solar¡¡energy¡¡equipment¡¡or¡¡woodburningstoves.¡¡the¡¡resulting¡¡decrease¡¡in¡¡demand¡¡has¡¡allowed¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡to¡¡postponeor¡¡delay¡¡construction¡¡of¡¡two¡¡nuclear¡¡reactors.¡¡instead,¡¡the¡¡authority¡¡isbuilding¡¡a¡¡plant¡¡to¡¡extract¡¡coal¡¡gas¡¡from¡¡low-grade¡¡coal.¡¡their¡¡first¡¡stepwill¡¡be¡¡to¡¡use¡¡the¡¡coal¡¡gas¡¡to¡¡make¡¡an¡¡ammonia(???¨¤)¡¡fertilizer¡¡for¡¡farmersin¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡service¡¡area.¡¡their¡¡ultimate¡¡goal¡¡is¡¡to¡¡produce¡¡a¡¡syntheticfuel¡¡from¡¡the¡¡coal¡¡gas.¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡will¡¡then¡¡be¡¡once¡¡again¡¡producing¡¡a¡¡cheapersource¡¡of¡¡energy¡¡and¡¡helping¡¡solve¡¡the¡¡nation's¡¡problems,¡¡several¡¡at¡¡atime.¡¡
76.¡¡the¡¡main¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡this¡¡passage¡¡is¡¡that¡¡____________.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡electricity¡¡purchased¡¡by¡¡tva's¡¡customers¡¡has¡¡tripled¡¡in¡¡price.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡has¡¡not¡¡served¡¡its¡¡function¡¡well.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡is¡¡dangerous¡¡to¡¡the¡¡environment.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡has¡¡always¡¡been¡¡a¡¡pioneer¡¡in¡¡the¡¡energy¡¡field.¡¡
77.¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡passage,¡¡which¡¡of¡¡the¡¡following¡¡statements¡¡is¡¡not¡¡true?¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡the¡¡tennessee¡¡valley¡¡authority¡¡was¡¡created¡¡in¡¡1933.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡the¡¡tva's¡¡initial¡¡function¡¡was¡¡to¡¡provide¡¡work¡¡for¡¡the¡¡unemployed.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡has¡¡been¡¡making¡¡an¡¡effort¡¡in¡¡decreasing¡¡the¡¡number¡¡of¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nuclear¡¡reactor¡¡plants¡¡it¡¡depends¡¡on.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡is¡¡interested¡¡in¡¡producing¡¡coal¡¡gas¡¡from¡¡low-grade¡¡coal.¡¡
78.¡¡we¡¡can¡¡conclude¡¡from¡¡the¡¡passage¡¡that¡¡____________.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡no¡¡longer¡¡supplies¡¡electricity¡¡for¡¡heating¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡before¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡the¡¡tva,¡¡few¡¡homes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡tennessee¡¡valley¡¡had¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡electricity¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡has¡¡not¡¡had¡¡to¡¡rely¡¡on¡¡atomic¡¡reactor¡¡for¡¡its¡¡power¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡coal¡¡gas¡¡is¡¡expensive¡¡to¡¡produce¡¡ 79.¡¡the¡¡passage¡¡suggests¡¡that¡¡____________.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡is¡¡now¡¡privately¡¡owned¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡the¡¡tva¡¡is¡¡more¡¡interested¡¡in¡¡what¡¡is¡¡good¡¡for¡¡the¡¡nation¡¡than¡¡in¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡money¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡synthetic¡¡fule¡¡is¡¡cheaper¡¡to¡¡produce¡¡than¡¡electricity¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡ammonia¡¡fertilizers¡¡are¡¡nonpolluting¡¡
80.¡¡as¡¡used¡¡in¡¡this¡¡passage,¡¡the¡¡word¡¡"extract"¡¡means¡¡____________.¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡a)¡¡burn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡b)¡¡reshape¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡c)¡¡defy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡d)¡¡remove¡¡from¡¡
¡¡¡¡questions¡¡81¡¡to¡¡85¡¡are¡¡based¡¡on¡¡the¡¡following¡¡passage:¡¡
¡¡¡¡in¡¡the¡¡english¡¡educational¡¡system,¡¡students¡¡take¡¡three¡¡very¡¡importantexaminations.¡¡the¡¡first¡¡is¡¡the¡¡eleven-plus,¡¡which¡¡is¡¡taken¡¡at¡¡the¡¡age¡¡ofeleven¡¡or¡¡a¡¡little¡¡past.¡¡at¡¡one¡¡time¡¡the¡¡ability¡¡or¡¡aptitude¡¡shown¡¡on¡¡theeleven-plus¡¡would¡¡have¡¡determined¡¡if¡¡a¡¡child¡¡stayed¡¡in¡¡school.¡¡now,¡¡however,all¡¡children¡¡continue¡¡in"comprehensive"schools,¡¡and¡¡the¡¡eleven-plus¡¡determines¡¡which¡¡courses¡¡of¡¡study¡¡the¡¡child¡¡will¡¡follow.¡¡at¡¡the¡¡age¡¡offifteen¡¡or¡¡sixteen,¡¡the¡¡students¡¡are¡¡tested¡¡for¡¡the¡¡ordinary¡¡level¡¡ofthe¡¡general¡¡certificate¡¡of¡¡education.¡¡this¡¡examination¡¡covers¡¡a¡¡widerange¡¡of¡¡subjects;¡¡once¡¡students¡¡have¡¡passed¡¡this¡¡exam,¡¡they¡¡are¡¡allowedto¡¡specialize,¡¡so¡¡that¡¡two-thirds¡¡or¡¡more¡¡of¡¡their¡¡courses¡¡will¡¡be¡¡inphysics,¡¡chemistry,¡¡classical¡¡languages,¡¡or¡¡whatever¡¡they¡¡wish¡¡to¡¡studyat¡¡greater¡¡length.¡¡the¡¡final¡¡examination,¡¡at¡¡eighteen,¡¡covers¡¡only¡¡thecontent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡special¡¡subjects.¡¡even¡¡at¡¡the¡¡universities,¡¡students¡¡studyonly¡¡in¡¡their¡¡concentrated¡¡area,¡¡and¡¡very¡¡few¡¡students¡¡ever¡¡venture¡¡out-side¡¡that¡¡subject¡¡again;¡¡in¡¡a¡¡real¡¡sense,¡¡the¡¡english¡¡boy¡¡or¡¡girl¡¡is¡¡aspecialist¡¡from¡¡the¡¡age¡¡of¡¡fifteen.¡¡
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